Locks and door-fastenings have not, until modern times, been susceptible of any classified arrangement according to their principles of construction.

The curious and ingenious wooden lock of ancient Egypt is still in use in Egypt and Turkey.

In approaching the subject of modern locks, it becomes necessary to decide upon some method of treating the widely-scattered and diverse materials which are presented to our notice.

In the first place, there is the distinction between in-door and out-door locks. Complete distinction between these two locks is presented in this book.

The more ordinary locks are of an oblong quadrangular shape. In nearly all of them, either a bolt shoots out from the lock, to catch into some kind of staple or box, or a staple enters a hole in the edge of the lock, and is there acted upon by the bolt. A common room-door lock will illustrate the first of these kinds, a tea-caddy lock the second.

It is sufficient here to remark, that wards, springs, screws, alarms, wheel-work, escutcheons, all, however useful for particular purposes, are wanting in the degree of surety which we require in a lock. Hence the invention of tumblers, levers, or latches, which fall into the bolt and prevent it from being shot until they have been raised or released by the action of the key.

The lock-manufacture in America has undergone some changes, as has manufacture in England. The insufficiency of wards to the attainment of security has been for many years known; and the unfitness of even tumblers to attain this end, without auxiliary contrivances, has been fully recognized for a dozen years back.

It must be evident, even on a cursory glance at the past history of the lock-manufacture, that the prime motive for the introduction of novelties and improvements in construction is the desirability of producing a lock which no one can open without the proper key.

Here you will find complete process and system of manufacturing locks on a large scale.

The simple fixed-guard or warded lock is so utterly worthless for security, no matter what amount of good workmanship be bestowed upon it, that it demands but short notice.

Stop-Lock has been designed with a view to doing away with several weak points in the construction of lever locks.

Read on to find out more comprehensive information on locks and the various types.

Below are the topics covered in this detailed guide:

• On Locks and Lock-literature
• Ancient Locks: Grecian, Roman, Egyptian
• Lock classification. The Puzzle-Lock and the Dial-Lock
• Warded Locks, with their Varied Appendages
• On Tumbler or Lever Locks
• The Bramah Lock
• American Locks
• The Lock Controversy: previous to the date of the Great Exhibition.
• The Lock Controversy: during and since the time of the Great Exhibition
• Effects of the Great Exhibition of 1861 in improving English Locks
• The Lock and Key Manufacture
• English Patents for Locks: Aubin's Lock Trophy
• Conclusion
• Appendix
• On an Improved Construction of Lock and Key: Fenby's Adytic Lock
• Fenby's Stop-Lock
• Note upon Iron Safes

What is Lock Bumping?

What is lock bumping?  You’ve heard this question at least once in your life.  Unfortunately for you, you’ve received several different answers for a single question.  It really depends on who you ask.  They approach the subject differently and this is why they come up with different answers.

Definitions of lock bumping

Here are several definitions that were given to help explain it:

• It’s a security threat.

Lock Bumping for Burglars

You’ll hear this definition from security experts.  In fact, it’s been almost 10 years ago when Klaus Noch started exposing this strategy as a security threat.  The German media quickly picked it up and they helped Mr. Noch spread the word around.  The Open Organization Of Lockpickers quickly followed suit when in 2005, Rop Gonggrijp and Barry Wels drafted a white paper to talk more about its security threats.  At around the same time, American Marc Tobias opened the eyes of Americans as he also spoke in public in the US about the threats that it offers.

• It’s illegal.

Ask the police or anyone who works for the law and they’ll tell you that it’s illegal.  Now, it’s easy to see why someone would quickly dismiss it as illegal.  After all, it’s a lock picking technique and it can be used to defeat locks without the need for the original key. However, owning the tools needed for this strategy is generally not illegal in itself in a lot of areas.  In addition, it’s generally not illegal if you’re going to do it on your own locks.  Yes, a lot of people pick up the skill so they can use it for practical reasons.  It’s also a popular hobby.  There’s really nothing certain and specific when it comes to the legality of lock picking.  This is why it’s recommended that you check local laws before attempting to do it.

• It’s a lock picking strategy.

As mentioned, it’s a popular lock picking strategy.  But first, let’s define what lock picking is.  It’s the method of defeating a lock without the key that’s designed for it.  Usually, it involves the manipulation of the lock’s components.  This is why it’s called “picking”.  Now, you have to recognize the main difference of lock bumping compared with the other lock picking strategies.  Yes, bumping locks is about defeating the locks without the original keys.  However, it requires very minimal manipulation of the locks themselves.

• It’s a product of the imagination.

A lot of people and groups would like you to believe that it’s nothing but a legend.  These groups include some lock manufacturers who don’t want to reveal the information that their common locks can be defeated.  In addition, there are people that hope to downplay the information so that criminals won’t pick up the skill.

Are you confused now?  Yes, that’s what’s happening to a lot of people who just want to know what lock bumping is.

Risks of lock bumping

In addition, a lot of people would also tell you that it’s risky to deal with the subject.  Let’s talk about the risks based on the definitions given above.

• It’s a security threat.

The risks are quite obvious.  If you’re living in the United States, did you know that there’s a 90% chance that you’re using locks that can easily be bumped?  With a $2 bump key, a burglar can break into your home without really breaking anything.  He can help himself to your things and the police won’t find a trace of forced entry.

• It’s illegal.

As mentioned, buying a bump key is very cheap.  In addition, you can simply make one using a blank key and a triangular file.  However, did you know that buying one or making one can put you in legal troubles?  If you don’t know what you’re doing, there’s a risk that you’re doing something illegal.

• It’s a lock picking strategy.

Lock bumping sounds like a harmful prank.  If you don’t know that it’s actually a lock picking strategy, you’re putting yourself in trouble.  Knowledge is key!

• It’s a product of the imagination.

If you believe people when they say that it’s nothing but a product of the imagination, you’re putting yourself and your family in trouble because you’ll have a false sense of security.

Lock bumping and your family

Lock Bumping and your Family

At the end of the day, you can define lock bumping as a lock picking strategy that can be easily done by criminals to defeat your locks at home.  If you still don’t believe that it can be easily done, buy a bump key and try it at home.

• Insert the bump key in the lock like you normally would with its original key.  Make sure to insert it all the way in.
• Pull it back a notch.  You’ll feel it click in place.  Make sure not to go past one notch because you’ll need all the pins of the lock to rest on the key.
• Hold the handle of the key with one hand and bump the handle with something soft but firm.  You can use something like the handle of a screwdriver.  Better yet, some manufacturers sell bump hammers with their bump keys.
• After a split second, turn the lock open.  You may not get it right the first time but a little bit of practice will help you perfect it.

Remember to check local laws first to see if buying and owning bump keys is legal in your area!

With something this easy, you now know that there’s a valid risk to you and your family.  Did you know that 32.6% of all burglaries were done without forced entry? Lock bumping is included in the FBI’s burglary classification of “unlawful entry where no force is used”.  Considering the fact that 2,199,125 burglaries happened back in 2009, that’s a huge number that you shouldn’t dismiss.

What is lock bumping?

Here’s what we know now.  It’s rampantly happening and your home may be next.  I’m not trying to scare you.  Although if you’re scared enough to actually do something to secure your home and your family, then good.  We also know that provided that it’s legal in your area, you can also do it yourself so you can actually see for yourself how easy it is.  Once you do, you’ll know what you’re up against and you’ll know what to do.

A Screenshot of a Bumping Locks Video

A Google search for bumping locks video will give you 14,200,000 results and you can expect that number to grow a few millions more.  This is because more and more people are becoming curious and more and more people are becoming willing of sharing this information.  A lot of people would think that this is a good thing.  After all, it means that you have a lot of resources just in case you’re looking for a lock bumping video.  Now, browsing a few of them will actually show you that the sheer number of available videos is actually a disadvantage.  It’s because a lot of these videos have some sort of hidden agendas in them.

Types of lock bumping video

We can group these videos into two – good or bad.  It goes without saying that you should only watch the good and avoid the bad.  Here are the videos that you should watch:

• Instructional videos from security experts

These are the videos that aim to teach you how to bump locks so you can be aware of how much of a security threat it is.

• Amateur videos from people who tried it

It’s a good idea to watch amateur videos because there’s usually no catch to watching them.  They just want to show that even common people can do it.  This way, you can see for yourself that it’s possible.

• Videos that show how it works

In order to understand the subject better, it’s a good idea to watch videos that show how lock bumping works.  These are usually animated videos that show in great details how it works.

• Lock bumping in the news

These videos are a must if you’re still in doubt that it’s happening in the real world.  You’ll see respected news outlets reporting on the subject.

On the other hand, there are types of bumping locks video that you should avoid watching.

• The self-serving videos

There are uploaded videos that are trying to downplay the threat of lock bumping.  These were uploaded by groups and companies who don’t want their locks to look unsecure.  In addition, a lot of people pretend that they can do it because it’s an ego boost.

• The videos that aim to sell

Watch out for the sales videos.  These are the videos that are just looking to sell you something.  Now, this in itself is not a bad thing.  However, a lot of these videos lead you to buy things or information that you don’t really need.  Be vigilant!

• The fear-mongers

Now, there are some people who want to take the chance to inject fear.  We all know that fear is an effective motivator.  These videos often motivate them to do something that will benefit the uploader.

• The trolls

We all know that a lot of people work on getting millions of views on video sharing sites like YouTube.  This is why some of them will post fake things with the hopes of increasing their view count.  Since they know that a lot of people are searching for lock bumping videos, they take advantage of this and they don’t really care if you’re given wrong information.

Where can you find lock bumping videos?

There are a lot of places where you can find them.  Here are the most popular ones:

• Google Videos

Google is the number 1 search engine.  You can also search for videos directly from Google.  Just make sure to search in http://video.google.com/

• YouTube

YouTube is the world’s number 1 video sharing site.  Last year alone, there were over 13 million video hours that were uploaded to the site and you can be sure that a good part of it is videos of lock bumping.  Just go to http://www.youtube.com/ and type bump key video or bumping locks video in the search field and hit enter.

• Metacafe

Metacafe is also a good video sharing site.  Top Ten Reviews puts the site as the 2^nd best video sharing site after YouTube.  But when it comes to topics like lock bumping, the site is a good source for videos since a lot of people post “hacks” there.  You can check it out at http://www.metacafe.com/.

Separating the authentic videos from the fakes

One of your biggest challenges is to find out if the video that you’re looking at is fake or not.  Here are some tips:

• Go for the professional-looking video.

If the video was done professionally, it’s worth a closer look.  This just means that they spent time, effort and money into putting together a good video.

• Be wary of videos that have several “cuts”.

Does the video cuts every now and then?  For example, a scene showed that the person on the video inserted the bump key and then it was obviously cut because the angle, position, etc. changed.  Be wary because there’s a possibility that he inserted the real key and that’s the one that he used to open the lock.

• Sales videos

As mentioned, you have to be careful about watching sales videos.  Now, it’s good if they’re actually focused on providing you helpful information.  But what if the videos are more concerned about trying to sell you something than provide you information?  That should raise warning signals.

• Check the comments.

Browse through the comments of the video.  More often than not, people will post if they tried it and if it worked or not.

• If it’s too good to be true, it probably is.

Sure, lock bumping itself may seem too good to be true.  But that doesn’t mean that people can start inventing things to make it look better.  For example, stay away from videos that promise to show you how to make a bump key out of a paperclip.  Lock bumping is good, but it’s not that good.

Are these videos unethical?

Are Bumping Locks Videos Unethical?

Check the comments again and you’ll see a lot of people crying foul over these videos.  Many of them will actually say that they’re unethical.  However, there’s nothing unethical about wanting to arm yourself with the knowledge so you can be aware of what you’re up against.  Lock bumping is real and criminals are looking for new victims.  The only way that you can protect yourself is to know how they’re doing it so you can do something about it.  These people who upload videos, at least the good ones, just want to raise a valid security concern.  That’s actually commendable.  As far as viewing them is concerned, there’s nothing unethical about wanting to protect your home and loved ones.

What they refuse to recognize is the fact that criminals already know the information. This is why I strongly recommend that you know this information as well so you can take the necessary precautions.  In addition, a lot of people would like to take advantage of the rising awareness of lock bumping.  This is why they try to beat around the bush in the hopes of creating more fanfare for their benefit.

What’s a bump key?

Comparing a Bump Key with a Normal Key

Let’s get one thing straight.  Are bump keys real or are they products of our paranoia?  Yes, they’re real and they can be easily acquired.  There are now several sites that sell them for around $2 - $5 each.  Now, look closely at the picture in order to compare a normal key with a bump key.  As you can probably see, it’s just a key that’s manipulated so that each groove is at maximum depth.  This is the reason why they’re sometimes called 999 keys because 999 is locksmith talk for maximum depth.

How does a bump key work?

Obviously, the key is the most important thing for the bump lock picking strategy.  Simply put, you can’t perform it without a bump key.  It’s actually very simple.  Once you insert the key inside the keyway, the pins of the lock will rest along the maximum depth of the key.  The process starts by applying a firm bump on the key’s handle and since the pins are resting on the key, they will react to the bump by jumping since the force will travel along the key.  Once the pins jump, they will all pass by the shear line and proper practice will help you determine the perfect timing to turn the key in order to open it.

Should you buy or make one?

It’s no contest that it’s much easier to buy one.  However, there’s a potential for legal issues since it’s illegal in some areas to send and receive lock picking tools through the mail. At the very least, you can be held liable under the Title 18, Section 83 USC 1716A statute.

Title 18, Section 83 USC 1716A is specified as Nonmailable locksmithing devices and motor vehiclemaster keys.

Obviously, there are legal loopholes that you can take advantage of.  You have to know that it’s common practice to buy these keys online.  This is because there are areas where it’s perfectly legal to buy or own lock picking tools as long as you’re not caught doing something illegal with them.  Check local laws just to be sure.

On the other hand, most people just play it safe by making their own bump keys.  As mentioned, it can still be illegal to own them without the proper license.  But generally speaking, it’s legal to make and own one if there’s no intent to commit a criminal act.  You should also check local laws if you want to play it safe before making one.

How to make a bump key

You Need a Triangular File

You need two things – a blank or used key and a triangular file.  Just make sure that the key that you’re going to use was designed for the type of lock that you want to bump.  Once you have acquired such key, all you need to do is to use a triangular file to file the grooves down to their maximum depth.  Make sure that they’re all at the same, maximum depth and you’re good to go.

How to bump a lock

Now that you have a bump key, all you need to do now is to practice.  At the very least, you should have the permission of the lock owner.  Also, practice caution so that you’re not going to damage the lock.  Although you really don’t have to worry because the bump lock picking strategy is considered as the strategy that generally doesn’t cause any damage.  Here’s how to do it:

• Insert the bump key that you made all the way in.  Push it in until it’s not going any further.
• Pull the key back a notch.  You’ll feel the key slightly locking into place.  That’s when the pins are resting on the grooves.
• Hold the key’s handle with the thumb and forefinger of your non-dominant hand.  This gives you a lot of space to do the next step.
• Using the handle of any stiff tool like hammer or the triangular file that you used in making the bump key, give the handle a firm but non-damaging tap.  If you decided to buy online, ask for the bumping tool.  There’s a bumping tool that’s specifically designed for lock bumping and it’s also available online.
• After a split second, turn the key to open the lock.  This is when practice comes in handy.  Practice will help you develop the timing to consistently turn the key as soon as the pins are along the shear line.

REMEMBER: Use your own locks when practicing!

Don’t be frustrated if you don’t get it right the first few times.  If you can’t do it, here are the things that you can do:

• Check your bump key to make sure that it’s crafted according to specifications.
• Check to make sure that the key that you used was designed to work for the type of lock that you’re bumping.
• Experiment with the amount of force that you’re putting on bumping the key.  Increase or decrease the force slightly.
• Practice!  It’s highly likely that you just haven’t developed the timing yet.

Once you’ve perfected it, you’ll be able to see why a lot of lock manufacturers don’t want to share the information.  It’s really that easy.

It was reported that 87% of the reported burglary cases remain unsolved.

All about door locks

Popular Door Locks

Now, there are several types of locks that are used all over the world.  Here are the most common ones:

• Deadbolt
• Disc tumbler lock
• Electronic lock
• Padlock
• Pin tumbler lock

The pin tumbler door lock

Inside a Pin Tumbler Lock

The pin tumbler door lock is probably the most common lock in the world.  At the very least, it’s the most popular in the US with 9 out of 10 homes presumably secured by cylinder locks that have pin tumbler mechanisms inside of them.  These pins are the ones that are preventing the lock from opening without the right key.  As you probably noticed, the common keys have ridges along the teeth and these ridges have different heights.  These ridges will manipulate the pins inside so that they will align with the shear line so that the plug can be turned.  That will open the lock.

That’s how it is in a perfect world.  But in our not so perfect world, they can also be opened with several techniques.  Through the years, more and more people are becoming more aware of these techniques.  Gone are the days when thieves are the only ones who know these techniques.  Nowadays, people are informed.  They arm themselves with the information so they know what they’re up against.  In addition, people are taking them up as a hobby.  It’s now even considered as a sport.  So it’s in your best interest to know these techniques for your own security and/or amusement.  Here are the most popular techniques that are used to defeat locks without the use of the right key:

• Lock picking using lock picks and a tension wrench
• Using a pick gun
• Using a sledgehammer, brick, screwdriver and the likes to break the door lock or window
• Lock bumping

What is lock bumping?

Majority of locksmiths will tell you that bumping door locks is the way to go if you want to defeat the lock easily and quickly.  It works by using the same thing that lock manufactures use to secure their locks against them.  It uses the scientific theory of action-reaction in which a specific action (bumping) causes a reaction (jumping pins).  As soon as the pins jump, it’s fair game and a little bit of practice will help you develop the proper timing needed to turn the plug as soon as the pins are in place along the shear line.

An experienced locksmith can use lock picks to open door locks in under a minute.  The common hobbyist can do it in under five minutes.  Sure, throwing a brick through the window is probably the fastest.  But that’s also the noisiest and this is why burglars avoid the technique as much as possible.  On the other hand, bumping door locks takes less than two seconds.  If you don’t believe me, watch this video of a common door lock being opened by a $2 bump key.

As you can see from the video, you only need two tools – a bump key and something to hit it with.  A bump key can be bought online.  It can even be made at home with the help of a triangular file.  All you need to do is to file the grooves down to maximum depth.  Once you have the bump key, you can start practicing.

• Make sure that you’re not doing anything illegal.  Bump your own locks!
• Insert the bump key all the way inside the keyhole.  Once you do, pull it back a notch.
• Bump the key’s handle using the same force in the video.  Wait for a split second and turn the key towards the direction that will open the lock.
• Practice!  That will help you develop the perfect timing to do it consistently.

Making your door locks bump proof

Combination Lock

Fortunately, lock manufacturers were able to catch up and they now have security measures in place to avoid the locks being bumped.  Companies like BiLock and Kwikset are the most popular when it comes to bump proof locks.  However, stay away from their older locks because they’re among the easiest to pick and bump.

Now, you’re probably wondering why this site is very generous in giving information about bumping door locks which lock manufacturers are very shy about giving.  It’s because we want you to be aware that it’s happening and you have to do something about it.  Fortunately, there are things that you can do to secure your home and not be a statistic.

The best thing that you can do is to change your locks.  This is actually the best thing that you can do.  You can check out BiLock and Kwikset for their bump proof locks.  Go for the high-quality door locks.  Now, buy the newer high-quality door locks.  You have to know that the older ones, even if they are high-quality, are actually more vulnerable to lock bumping.  For example, many of them use hardened steel.  That can actually help thieves escape detection.  Here are some types of locks that you can check out:

• Combination locks
• Rotating disc locks
• Electronic locks
• Locks that require you to use your fingerprint

In addition, you should also include other security measures like security cameras, dogs and the likes.  But the most important thing is to arm yourself with this information even if the lock manufacturers don’t want you to.  After all, it’s your home and family that are at stake.

What is lock bumping?

What is Lock Bumping?

It’s a lock picking strategy that utilizes a bump key to bump the pins upwards so that they can be caught along the shear line on their way down.

How is it done?

Homemade Bump Key

First, you need to have a bump key.  This is the most important part.  Fortunately, it’s very easy to get one.  There are now a lot of sites that sell them.  If you know where to ask, you can also get them from some locksmiths.  However, very few locksmiths will be willing to give you one because they’re afraid of the legal issues.  This is because the mere fact of owning one is illegal in some areas.  Of course, they’re also afraid that the bump key will be used for criminal acts and it can be traced to them.

This is why most people choose to make one instead.  This is especially true nowadays when there are a lot of guides on how to make one.  Once you’ve made or bought your bump key, here’s how you can use it to bump locks:

• Insert the bump key all the way inside the lock.
• Pull it back one notch.  Don’t worry because you’ll feel when it’s already back one notch.
• Using your non-dominant hand, hold the handle of the key.  Make sure that you’re holding it in such a way that you can comfortably turn the key to open the lock.
• Use the handle of any available tool that you have.  It can be the handle of a screwdriver or a hammer.  Just make sure that it’s not too hard because that might damage the lock.
• Give the key’s handle a firm tap, making sure that you don’t tap too hard.
• Wait a split second and turn the key towards the direction that will open the lock.

Obviously, you need a little bit of practice in order to develop the timing that you need to do it perfectly each and every time.

Why does it work?

Newton's Third Law of Motion in Action

You’re probably wondering why something as complicated as a locking mechanism can be defeated by something so amateurish.  You’ll be surprised that it works based on a scientific principle.  It uses Newton’s third law of motion that states, “To every action there is always an equal and opposite reaction.”

It also works because it’s very simple.  Most of the time, complications make it harder to achieve something.  Complications also lead to mistakes.  On the other hand, lock bumping is very simple that even a 12 year old boy can do it.  In fact, even a 10 year old girl can do it.  Wait for the 1:33 mark of this video:

What inspired lock manufacturers to do something about it?

Just in case it hasn’t sunk in yet, lock bumping works.  If you’re not yet convinced, you have to know that even the lock manufacturers have been trying to overcome this latest security threat by coming up with anti bump locks.  Sure, they have no concrete statistics that show them that lock bumping is rampant.  However, that’s actually a bad sign for the industry.  The police are unable to determine the exact statistic because they can’t pinpoint the locks that have been bumped because they can’t detect it consistently.  However, you can be sure that a good part of the 32.4% of the “illegal entry” cases that were filed by the FBI since 2004 was done by bumping the locks.

Illegal entry is the term that they use when no force of entry was detected.

Lock manufacturers encountered a few failures when it comes to coming up with bump proof locks.  Fortunately, they were able to come up with a few bump resistant locks that can now protect people from lock bumping.

Popular anti bump locks

There are now several locks that can help secure you against lock bumping.  Here are the most popular brands that are proven to work:

• BiLock

BiLock is a patented system that utilizes a specially-made key shaped like the letter U.  The locks have a lock cylinder inside of them packed with 13 pins.  It’s so secure that it exceeded all the guidelines that were set in UL 437.

UL 437 is the barometer set by the Underwriters Laboratories for the key’s security.  It’s basically a security rating.

BiLock systems are used extensively in government offices and businesses.  If that’s not enough to convince you, BiLock has been protecting casinos for over 2 decades.

• Abloy

You should also check out the Protec line of the Abloy.  It uses a patented disc cylinder that rotates to give you more than 2 billion possible combinations.  This makes it virtually bump proof.  According to the company, their Protec locks have never been picked and there have been no reports to prove otherwise.  This is why it’s trusted by banks and other establishments that rely on security all over the world.

• Kwikset

The Kwikset has the Smartkey line that has BumpGuard technology.  Instead of pin tumblers, this system uses side locking bars.

In addition to these bump resistant locks, you can also use keyless locks.  It makes sense.  If there are no keys involved, they cannot be bumped.  Here are some types of keyless locks that you can check out:

• Electronic locks
• Magnetic locks

However, you have to make sure that the keyless locks that you’re using don’t have a backup key locking system. Some of these keyless locks have this backup just in case something goes wrong.  This is why a lot of people prefer the bump proof locks instead.

What is a bump key?

What is a Bump Key?

A bump key is a key that’s crafted in such a way that it will work with just about any lock that has pins.  It’s one half of the tools that are needed to bump locks, with the other half just lying around your home.

It’s sometimes called a 999 key because it’s filed down to maximum depths which locksmiths call the 999 depth.

What locks will it pick?

9 out of 10 American Homes have Cylinder Locks

Bump keys are designed to defeat locks that have pins in their mechanisms.  So in theory, they can pick pin tumbler locks.  They also work perfectly with just about any type of cylinder lock.  Should you be concerned?  Well, you should be considering the fact that research has shown that 9 out of 10 homes in the US are protected by cylinder locks.

Also, don’t make the mistake of feeling secure with high-quality locks.  If you think that their precision is working for you, you have to know that it actually makes it easier to bump the lock.  In addition, here are the things that you have to consider when it comes to choosing locks:

• Security pins (mushroom or spool) don’t guarantee that the lock cannot be bumped.  At the very least, they’re going to make it a little harder.
• Lock pickers love hardened steel. This is because hardened steel can help them escape detection.  While lock bumping doesn’t cause any damages when done correctly, hardened steel will prevent damages if you’re not too careful.

What locks will protect you?

Are there Bump-proof Locks?

Through the years, lock manufacturers have put up security measures in their locks to make them “bump-proof”.  Unfortunately for a lot of burglary victims, they never really succeeded in the past.  Fortunately, lock manufacturers were able to catch up.  There are now locks and security measures that can help you.  Here are the most effective ones:

• Shallow drilling

Lock manufacturers brilliantly thought of the idea of having several pin stacks drilled shallower than the other pin stacks.  This way, the bump keys won’t be able to bump the pins up since the grooves can’t reach the pins.

• BiLock

The locks of BiLock don’t use pins.  Instead, they give the legitimate lock owners a lock code that’s used on the programmable side bars.  The company claims a 0% success rate in attempts to bump their locks.

• Abloy Protec

This lock doesn’t have any pins on them that can be bumped.  Instead, they utilize a disc tumbler system.  The company wants their locks to be so secure that you’d need the included signature card to request for a spare key.

• KwikSet SmartKey

The KwikSet SmartKey one-upped the Abloy Protect by taking out the tumblers as well.  Instead of pins or tumblers, this system uses a side locking bar.

• Spring-less locks

If there are no springs, there’s nothing to bump.  This is why electronic and magnetic locks work.  However, you have to make sure that they don’t have backup locks that can be opened by keys.  That part can be bumped.

Things that you need to make one

You’ll be surprised at how easy it is to accumulate the things that you need to make a bump key.  You’ll be even more surprised at the number of things that you need.

• Key

A blank key works best.  However, any old key that you don’t need works just fine.  Just make sure that the blank or old key is designed for the type of lock that you want to bump.

• Triangular file

Sure, you can use any shape of file.  However, a triangular file works best since they fit perfectly on the valleys of the teeth of the key.  In addition, you’re going to file the bump key and form a triangle in the process and a triangular file will take care of that.

• Strong table

Actually, any strong and flat area works just fine.  But a strong table that you’re already comfortable with will work best.

As you can see, you don’t even need to go outside your home to buy the needed equipment.  Once you have accumulated the needed equipment, you can now make your own bump key.

How to make a bump key

Just follow these simple steps in order to make your own bump key:

• Determine the deepest part of the key’s grooves.  Do you see the first straight line that’s directly below the grooves?  That will be your guide.
• Hold the key’s handle with your non-dominant hand and place the key on the table.  Make sure that the teeth are facing upwards.
• Get to work!  File down the valleys in between the tips of the teeth until you get to the deepest part.  It’s a good idea that the valleys will form sharp triangles because a lot of people swear that they make the bump key more effective.

How it works

You won’t know how it works just by looking at it.  But it’s actually very scientific.  It actually works using the third Newton’s law of motion.  This law states that, “To every action there is always an equal and opposite reaction.”  Lock bumping works by inserting the bump key inside the lock and bumping the head so that the teeth of the key will force the pins upward.  You’ll then catch the pins as they’re going down and you’ll be able to turn the key as they get in place on their way down.

Lock bumping is simple.  Making bump keys is even simpler.  That answers the question as to why there are a lot of people that are taking advantage of them.

In this article, I'll show you exactly what bump keys are, their history, why and how they work. I'll touch on bump resistant locks and the legality of bump keys.

Finally, a definitive guide on bump keys and how you can protect your home from them!

Definition of bump keys

An Example of a Bump Key

Simply put, they are keys that were manipulated to work in just about any lock that the blanks are designed for.  Each type of lock has a type of blank that’s used to create duplicates for a specific lock.  Instead of manipulating them to work on a single lock; you’re going to manipulate them so that they’re going to work on all locks of that specific lock type.

History

Bump keys have a relatively long history.  A similar device was patented from 1926 to 1928.  But it was H.R. Simpson who came up with the design and idea that we know today.  Back then, he already called it a bump key which he also called as a rapping key.  Recognizing its potential, he quickly applied for a US patent back in 1928.

However, it wasn’t until 1970 that it was recognized mainstream by locksmiths.  That was the time when Danish locksmiths revealed a technique on how to use a bump key in order to make the pins of a lock jump so that proper timing can be used in order to turn the plug.

But its most recent history contributed to its popularity or notoriety.  Klaus Noch exposed it as a security risk around early 2000 and together with the German media; they spread the word that it can be a potential headache as far as security is concerned.

The Open Organization Of Lockpickers (TOOOL) also saw the same risk and this is the reason why they drafted a report detailing the issue back in 2005.  TOOOL went on and conducted public presentations to show how bump keys can be used to defeat locks.

Security Expert Marc Tobias

The US followed suit as security expert Marc Tobias also released a couple of reports in 2006 that tackled the security and legal issues that these keys bring.

Bump keys and lock bumping

Lock Bumping

Lock bumping is a method for defeating locks using bump keys instead of the keys that are specifically-designed for them.  Using just about any hand tool, you’re going to give the key a slight bump and let the bump key do the work.  It’s a popular method because it’s very easy and there’s no need for lock picking skills in order to do it.  You just need to know how to do it and you need to have the tools to do it.

Unfortunately, the fact that it’s very easy is also the reason behind its notoriety.  Here are some reasons why homeowners and security experts are concerned:

• Bump keys are easy to make! With those wishing to make their own being able to in 5 - 15 minutes.
• 9 out of 10 homes in the US are not protected against lock bumping.
• Done correctly, there will be no damages to the lock.  This is a potential problem when claiming insurance in the event of a break in.. as there will be no sign of forced entry.

How to make bump keys

As mentioned, it’s very easy to make them.  Here are the things that you need to make one:

• Blank key for your target lock
• Triangular file
• Flat working surface

It won’t even take you an hour to gather the needed equipment.  Making a bump key out of them is also very easy.  Just follow these easy steps:

• Determine the maximum depth of the grooves of the blank key.  The locksmiths call it 999.
• Place the blank key on the flat surface.  A strong table works best.
• Using the triangular file, file down the grooves so all of them are at the maximum depth.  The grooves should now be of equal depth and the tips of the grooves should be of equal height.

Types of lock that they work on

An Inside Look at a Pin Tumbler Lock

Generally speaking, they can work on just about any lock that has pins with just a few exceptions. You just need to make sure that you’re going to craft them from blank keys that are made for the specific lock that you need to open.

Bump-resistant locks

Through the years, lock manufacturers have tried putting security measures to protect their locks against bump keys.  They introduced security pins like mushroom pins.  However, they only made it harder to bump the lock.  They didn’t really make it impossible.

Trap Pins

Locks that are protected with trap pins are considered as bump-free since these trap pins will block the cylinder of the lock when a bump key is used.  There are also locks that have pin stacks that don’t have the same depth as the other pin stacks.  Since they’re shallow, the bump key won’t be able to engage.

Are Bump Keys Illegal?

Are Bump Keys Illegal?

Generally speaking, the mere possession of bump keys is not illegal in itself. You can think of it as lock picks.  In most areas, you’re not going to get arrested just by possessing them.  There must be an intent to commit a criminal act.  However, there are areas wherein you need to be a licensed locksmith in order to possess them.  Suffice to say, you need to check for local laws if you want to make one.  There’s also the issue of buying them.  There are now a lot of sites that sell them and a lot of people are asking if it’s legal to buy them.

The law is very vague about this and it leaves a lot for interpretation.  However, these are the federal statutes that may be used for or against you:

• Title 18, USC 1704 (Keys or locks stolen or reproduced)
• Section 83 USC 1716A and 39 USC 3002(a) (Nonmailable locksmithing devices and motor vehicle master keys
• 39 USC 3002 (Nonmailable motor vehicle master keys)
• Title 19, USC 1583 (c) (1) (E) (Examination of outbound mail)


Of course, it goes without saying that using them to break into locks without the owner’s permission is illegal.

Where can they be bought?

As mentioned, there are a lot of internet sites that sell them.  You can do a simple search for bump keys or 999 keys and you’ll be presented with a lot of results.  In addition, you can also buy them from locksmiths since they have the tools to make them.  However, majority of locksmiths are apprehensive about selling them.  This is the reason why most people choose to make them.

It is used when the door key is unavailable and only with the vehicle owner's knowledge and consent.

Door lock mechanisms vary in model year and from one manufacturer. For example, the control arm may be located to the front or rear of the door lock

In this how-to guide - a clearly defined table is provided to guide you in using the Slim Jim.

There is a slight bend near each end of the tool. When the tool is held flat against the glass, the bend will cause the end of the tool to project out and skid over the lower glass channel.

Find out the secrets of the Slim Jim, how to use it quickly and effectively.

Contents includes:

• • Introduction
  • Basic Instructions
  • Table for Door Unlocking Tool
  • Description of Slim Jim
  • Using the Slim Jim Tool

Including specific techniques for opening 25 different makes of car!

Methods described here are the Bell Crank Method, GM Latch Method, Horizontal Rod Method, Lasso Method, Lazy Pawl Method, Lock Picking Method, Through Car Method, Through Handle Method, Through Vent Method, Under Button Method, Under & Over Method  and Vertical Rod Method.

This manual is easy to use and you can find information on any vehicle model you are looking to open. Specific notes and precautions are also given with all selected car opening technique. Diagrams and instructions guide provide step by step guidance.

While opening a car, care must always be taken not to attempt to spread the door too far, especially in very hot or very cold weather. To do so could result in glass breakage or damage to components in the door. Use a high quality plastic wedge designed specifically for car openings.

Since 1936, when General Motors first introduced sidebar locks, there have been many changes made to domestic auto locks. Persons just entering locksmithing needed to know what those changes were and when they were made. This information can help save valuable time when servicing locks on U.S. vehicles.

The newest concern in car opening is the addition of side impact airbags. Caution should be taken in opening any vehicle with side impact air bags, and we highly recommend that you do not put any car opening tools in the door cavity of the blue highlighted vehicles in this list. You will find alternative opening methods to these vehicles within this book.

More and more automobile manufacturers are installing ignition anti-theft systems to help reduce the chance of theft. Info on VATS and PASS-key II, “Transponder Type” systems including PATS, PASS-key III, and Sentry Key system, PASSLOCK or MRD are comprehensively detailed in this manual.

The Lasso tool is for vehicle entry when the lock button is visible. It is made of high quality “poly-flex” material with a waxed high-strength lanyard. The tool allows you to wrap the string around the lock button and lift up to unlock the door.

The Original Killer was the first tool of its kind on the market. This tool slides into the door cavity, under the window, up into the vehicle, and then bends over the door panel. This precision made tool features a closed-hook end that protects the vehicle’s interior and eliminates the chance of hooking linkage or wires inside the door.

More comprehensive info on car opening accessories is also supplied.

It is assured that you will find The Ultimate Car Opening Manual, to be the most comprehensive and user-friendly vehicle entry system you will read.

The following topics are comprehensively covered in this manual:

• Getting Started
  • Using the Tool Bar
  • Using the Model Index
  • Using the Opening Method Pages
• Important Information
  • Automated Locking Systems
  • Automated Locking Systems
  • Sight Reading
  • Roadside Assistance
  • Evolution of Domestic Vehicle Locks
  • Side Impact Airbags
  • Ignition Anti-Theft Systems
• Specific Cars
  • Acura
  • Alpha Romeo
  • AM General
  • Audi
  • Bentley
  • BMW
  • Buick
  • Cadillac
  • Chevrolet
  • Chevy Trucks
  • Chrysler
  • Citroen
  • Daewoo
  • Daihatsu
  • Dodge
  • Eagle
  • Ferrari
  • Fiat
  • Ford
  • GMC Trucks
  • Honda
  • Hyundai
  • Infiniti
  • Isuzu
  • Jaguar
  • Jeep
  • Kia
  • Land Rover
  • Lexus
  • Lincoln
  • Mazda
  • Mercedes
  • Mercury
  • Mitsubishi
  • Nissan
  • Oldsmobile
  • Opel
  • Peugeot
  • Plymouth
  • Pontiac
  • Porsche
  • Renault
  • Rolls Royce
  • Rover
  • Saab
  • Saturn
  • Seat
  • Sterling
  • Subaru
  • Suzuki
  • Toyota
  • Vauxhall
  • Volkswagen
  • Volvo
  • Yugo
  • Zastava

And much much more!